The PARISFOG field experiment: better understanding of key physical processes driving fog life cycle based on boundary layer profiling of temperature, humidity and aerosols
Dupont, J.-C. ; Haeffelin, M. ; Boitel, C. ; Lapouge, F. ; Morille, Y. ; Pietras, C. ; Romand, B. ; Elias, T. ; Gomes, L. ; Burnet, F. ; Bourianne, T. ; Delanoë, J. ; Richard, D. ; Musson-Genon, L. ; Dupont, E. ; Lefranc, Y. ; Sciare, J. ; Petit, J.-E. ; Sarda-Esteve, R. ; Formenti, P. ; Morange, P. ; Bicard, J.-L. ; Bernardin, F.
Fog is a weather phenomenon that produces weather conditions with significant socio-economic impacts, associated with increased hazards and constraints in road, maritime and air traffic. Air quality is also affected by fog occurrence. While current numerical weather prediction models are able to forecast situations that are favourable to fog events, these forecasts are usually unable to determine the exact location and time of formation or dissipation. Fog is influenced by numerous factors, spanning multiple spatial and temporal scales. Its life cycle is driven by the competing interactions between thermodynamics, dynamics, microphysical and chemical properties of particles, and radiative fluxes, all of which are difficult to model. The ParisFog field campaigns (http://sirta.ipsl.polytechnique.fr/parisfog/), aim at documenting the role of aerosols on radiative processes and the interactions between turbulence and aerosol/droplet microphysical properties during the fog life cycle. Several ParisFog field campaigns have taken place at the SIRTA site since 2006 with a suite of instrumentation that grows significantly each year. An efficient collaboration between IPSL, IPGP, LRPC, CEREA and CNRM laboratories allows us to sample approximately 200 hours of fog during each six month period (October to March). On the one hand, automated measurements have been specifically deployed to better characterise aerosol and droplet properties (size distribution, mass, scattering), including turbulence profiles up to 2km. On the other hand, some specific events have been sampled using manual sensors such as tethered balloon or droplet chemistry sensors.
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