Aerosol Hygroscopicity
Hygroscopicité des aérosols
Denjean, Cyrielle
The hygroscopic and ice nucleation properties play a vital role for the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate by determining the interactions of aerosol particles with atmospheric water vapour, ice and cloud microphysical processes. This chapter reviews the existing published results on the aerosol hygroscopic properties at subsaturated (relative humidity below 100%) and supersaturated (relative humidity above 100%) conditions, and on the ice nucleation properties of aerosols from measurements at multiple sites in the Mediterranean. Rapid progress has been made in the last 20 years in understanding how different chemical and physical properties affect the aerosol hygroscopic growth. Some early investigations have yielded comprehensive information regarding the main sources and chemical composition of the atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particles (INP) in the Mediterranean region. Despite these advances, process-level understanding of aerosol hygroscopic properties and related ice nucleation remains insufficient, causing unacceptably large uncertainties when simulating aerosol radiative effects in future climate projections.</p>
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