The dermination of safe yield underground reservoirs of the closed-basin by Charles H. Lee... with discussion by Messrs. James Owen, G.E.P Smith, O. E. Meinzer, Kenneth Alenn, Robert E. Horton, and Charles H. Lee
La détermination du rendement sûr des réservoirs souterrains du bassin fermé par Charles H. Lee...
Lee, Charles H. (1883-1967 ; actif en 1915 )
" The objects of this paper are to show the possibility and practicability of measuring the annual rate of recharge of underground reservoirs of the closed-basin by artificial development, such as Artesian flow or pumping..... The conclusions are as follows : 1.-The " underground reservoirs " of California and the South-west are water-tight rock basins, represented by the topographic valleys, which are filled with porous alluvial material in which the voids are saturated with water. 2.-Inflow into these basins is by percolation from water on the surface of the alluvial filling, wich source may occur as direct precipitation, stream flow, irrigation, or flooding. Natural ground-water loss occurs in the region of lowest depression of a basin, and consists of the breaking out of water at the surface in springs or seepages, evaporation from soil, transpiration, and underflow. Artificial developpment, by wells or other methods, reduces the natural ground-water loss are equal, unless the artificial draft is excessive. 3.-The rate of recharge in a region of small precipitation and high evaporation rate can be determined most accurately, and with least expenditure of time and money, by measuring the elements wich make up the ground-water loss. Of the natural elements, the most important are soil evaporation and transpiration. The underflow is relatively small and often negligible. 4.-The safe yield of artificially developed ground-water obtainable from an underground reservoir is less than indicated by the rate of recharge, the quantity depending on the extent to which soil evaporation and transpiration can be eliminated from the region of ground-water outlet."
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